Here’s what I suspect will be a new word for you: anacoluthon. I think I can correctly conclude you do not use that word on a daily basis. It is, however, what our reading from Ephesians starts off with. An anacoluthon is an abrupt mid-sentence shift to a different subject without any regard for sentence structure. For example, “Do you realize how late, I haven’t mowed the lawn!” Or they may not connect, “I agree that children should - wait! Did you see that car run the red light?”
A more literal translation of the first line of Ephesians 3 is, “For this reason I, Paul, the prisoner of Christ Jesus for the sake of you Gentiles – surely you have heard about the administration of God’s grace that was given me for you…” It’s jarring. It goes together, but not in any flowing logical sense. While the author created this anacoluthon for effect, the whole rest of the passage may feel the same way for us. It jumps and links though: former generations, mysteries, prophets, gospel, Paul’s apostleship, church, God’s wisdom, heavenly places, confidence, and not losing heart. It may well leave you mentally dizzy trying to follow it. And if you do manage to follow it all your mind is exhausted.
Let’s learn a bit more about the world of that day, and with that I think we can understand what is happening.
There were a number of religions in the first century that we call mystery religions. These were not the main civic religions, which were public and open. They were closed and secretive. Admission usually came by invitation only. There would be a secret initiation right where the new member was united to the deity. Upon joining, and only upon joining, would a new member learn of the mysteries or secrets of the religion. These secrets would usually be about how to attain eternal life. Not surprisingly, eternal life was only attainable by those who were members. Few, if any, outsiders would be thus saved.
Christianity was not a mystery religion. It was open to all and it did not claim specific mysteries that one had to use to reach eternal life. However, there were certainly many beliefs that would puzzle an outsider. For example, how could Jesus be fully human and fully divine at the same time? How can you have two natures but only one person? That’s like saying two equals one. Or the Trinity. Though the doctrine wasn’t developed for quite a while, the idea that there is one and only one God, yet three persons or expressions within that one God – Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, makes very little sense. That’s saying one plus one plus one equals one. Bad math. Good theology. How it works is a mystery.
Yet these Christian mysteries were not the same as the pagan mystery religions. It was commonly believed at the time that there were several layers to the heavens. Each of the several planets existed in a different layer of the heavens. In order to attain eternal life one had to pass through all the layers of the heavens. In each of the layers there were angels, spirits, forces and powers. To get through them might require the use of secret knowledge. Or they might require the passing of tests. Or, during your life you might have to perform certain rituals, offer prayers, or make sacrifices to please the rulers of the layers. By doing so you could pass through them when you die.
None of this is clear. We do not have definite knowledge of the mystery religions or their mysteries. Many of them died with them. But it seems to fit what the author of Ephesians is saying when we read, “…through the church the wisdom of God in its rich variety might now be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly places.” (3:2-10)
He goes on, “This was in accordance with the eternal purpose that he has carried out in Christ Jesus our Lord, in whom we have access to God in boldness and confidence through faith in him.”
So, for the author of Ephesians it is not mysteries and tests and challenges to get to eternal life. Getting to God is not through numerous layers of heavens. It is direct access to God -in boldness and confidence- through faith.
Remember back to what we read a few weeks ago in chapter 1. There we read in Vs. 20-21, “God put… power to work in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly places, far above all rule and authority and power and dominion, and above every name that is named, not only in this age but also in the age to come.”
Those words aren’t just rhetorical flourish. If the Ephesians believed the heavens were multiple layers with various angels and rulers and powers, then Christ was above them all; and for all time.
So, the mysteries of Christianity, such as they are, are very simple. You don’t need secret knowledge. You don’t need knowledge at all. And you don’t need to say secret prayers or perform rituals or sacrifices or anything like that. You do not need to worry about having to undergo grueling struggles and challenges to get to eternal life after you die. All of that, whatever it might be, was taken care of once and for all for you by Jesus.
I think we often do not appreciate the sheer simplicity of our faith. It is simply a relationship with God. It is a relationship where the all-consuming ways of this world are proven to be dead ends, and instead fullness of life comes by recognizing God’s goodness for you.
Oh, the problems and messes we make of our lives by thinking we need to fit in. Oh, the way we exhaust ourselves in the need to keep up appearances. Oh, how much we worry about things that are not important at all.
It is by God’s grace that you have been saved through faith. We read that from Ephesians two weeks ago. And remember, the faith that is talked about there is not your own intellectual belief. It is not your mental capacity to believe doctrines or facts about Jesus. Or about living in a particular way. Perhaps it is better to say we are saved by God’s grace through Jesus’ faithfulness. It is probably not referring to our own faith. Even in verse 12 which I quoted a couple minutes ago, “…we have access to God in boldness through faith in him.” It is equally valid, and perhaps better, to translate it as, “we have access to God in boldness through the faith of Jesus.”
In other words, it is not your faithfulness that saves you. It was Jesus’ faithfulness that already saved you. So, what do you have to do to get to eternal life? There’s good news for that. You know this already. You can’t get to eternal life. It’s impossible for you. It is impossible for me. No one has that power. It is the power of Jesus that has done it for us.
Let’s let that rest for a while because those thoughts can make us spin round and round for hours. There’s another important thing to note in all of this. That’s the church.
We read today in Ephesians 3:10, “…through the church the wisdom of God in its rich variety might now be made known…” That is not the church as some supernatural holy institution. You’ll remember that the word church is a very simple word that means the assembly. The church is not intended to be a holy organization with secret rites and rituals that somehow has a mysterious supernatural connection to God. The church is, simply put, the assembly of the believers. The church’s power on earth lies completely within itself. It is the community it creates for its members. Throughout the New Testament we realize the church is not to see itself as a group that collectively calls on God for miraculous problem solving. The church is the practical collection of believers who do things together for their common good and for the good of the world around them.
Faith is not intended to be a private individual affair. Although that is what it has effectively become in many people today. Faith is a community endeavor.
The church is the assembly of believers that lives with the knowledge of what God has done. In so doing it makes known in real ways what God is like. Spreading the gospel is not supposed to be an individual thing. Spreading the gospel is not supposed to be individuals annoying their neighbors to attend a worship service, and that God will then somehow save them. Spreading the gospel is the witness of the assembly of the faithful, as it makes God’s ways known in a world that does not believe in them. The church is the community where God’s truths are alive and functional here and now. That is good news to a world that has lost sight of the real meaning of God’s goodness.
Monday, September 23, 2024
Monday, September 16, 2024
September 15, 2024 Ephesians 2:11-22
Ephesians is an intellectually dense and possibly confusing book. We’ve been reading through it section by section these last few weeks in worship. Each section has a core idea that if you can understand it the rest of it makes sense. The core idea for the section we read today is in verse 19, “So then you are no longer strangers and aliens, but you are citizens with the saints and also members of the household of God…”
We ae citizens and members of the household of God. Citizenship and family. These are ideas we may easily overlook but are essential to understanding the passage.
What is citizenship? What does it mean to be in a family? They give us more than we may realize. Imagine what it would be to not have citizenship or family. You’d be a living human, certainly. But what else.
Here is a painful thing to imagine but it gets at the idea. Imagine that you are a 17-year-old girl living Columbia in South America. Drug cartels in your hometown have made it impossible for your family to stay safe. Making a desperate decision, your family pulls all their resources and hires some smugglers to get you and your siblings to the United States. It’s precarious. It's not legal. But it’s a chance rather than no chance at all.
Along the way you are separated from your siblings. And, you are sexually assaulted by the smugglers and become pregnant. Somehow, someway, you actually make it across the border into the southern United States. You have no money. No contacts. No documents. And limited skill in English.
I have created a very disturbing situation to imagine. I certainly hope it is not true, but there is probably some measure of truth to it. It gets at the point. This 17-year-old is certainly a person. She is alive. But who is she? What would you do? Where would you turn? Who could you trust? You cannot exist alone. But you have no means of getting food, water, shelter, and even the most rudimentary medical care? Who would you approach? You have no outside way of confirming your identity.
Citizenship in a nation gives you an identity. In the United States you have a name. You have a birth certificate. You have a Social Security number. And you have a host of rights, privileges, and expectations that go along with it. If you are a citizen of a different nation you most likely have the same or the equivalent in documentation, rights, and responsibilities.
But take away the protection and rights that your citizenship gives you in this world and who are you? What keeps you safe? What guarantees you at least some sort of rudimentary justice and fairness? If you have no citizenship and someone commits a crime against you, where are you going to turn? Who can you turn to? You can’t turn anywhere.
Ephesians 2:19 says we are citizens with the saints. That means we are citizens in God’s kingdom. It also says that we are members of the household of God.
In the 1st Century Greek and Roman world the father was the head of the household. Being a part of a household was pretty much essential to survival, or at least to thriving. The father, or pater familias was the head of the household. He basically owned everything. He owned his wife. He owned the children. He owned the slaves, the land, the livestock and all the family possessions. If you were a woman, child, or slave you wanted to have a good pater familias. And if you did not, woe to you. You had very few rights. The pater familias even controlled who was in the family and who was out. He could reject a child if he so chose. The father is also the one who gave the children their names.
Do you remember the story of the naming of John the Baptist? John’s father, Zechariah, was unable to speak. He had been visited by an angel who prophesied the birth of John. Zechariah didn’t believe it and asked the angel for a sign as proof. So he got what he asked for. The angel said he wouldn’t be able to speak until the child was born. And so it happened. When it came time to naming the baby he couldn’t do it. So his wife Elizabeth chimed in and said his name was John. The crowd didn’t accept that. She wasn’t the father. She didn’t have naming rights. Finally they gave Zechariah something to write with and he we wrote, “His name is John.”
The pater familias sounds like a tyrant. Some certainly were. But many were not. If you were the father you bore a lot of responsibility. Your wife and children depended upon you. Your workers and slaves depended on you. You had to make good economic decisions, good farming decisions, and good family decisions. Sure, most fathers delegated many tasks, but the buck stopped with them.
So, Ephesians says we are citizens and members of the household of God. When we say, “Our Father,” in the Lord’s Prayer we are invoking this ancient family system. We are acknowledging God as our Pater Familias. God gets to choose whether we are in the family or not. God gets to determine our identity. We look to God for our protection and to provide for us.
Safe, solid, well-run households of the Roman world were the basic building blocks of society. Households built communities, which built cities and provinces, which combined to form nations and empire – which was able to create citizenship for its people. Ephesians tells us that God is our Father. We are members of the household and we are citizens of God’s kingdom.
I hope none of us ever have been in the situation of the undocumented 17-year-old that I used as an example before. I hope none of us are ever in such a situation. But it is a contrast that helps us realize how essential it is to life to be a part of a family and a citizen of a country. Take away those things and what are you? Is survival possible at all? None of us exist alone.
We all know that families can be great. But some families are horrible. Some nations are great. Some are horrible. Being a part of a family or a nation in the world today is not a guarantee of success or of a good life. Therefore our real citizenship is in God’s kingdom. That is not about Social Security numbers or documents or what our ancestry is. Ephesians tells us that all are united by the blood of Jesus. It is with that that we wrap up.
It would be great to live in a world where everyone was hard working and responsible. It would be great to live in a world where people earned what they consumed and didn’t take from others. It would be great to live in a world where there was honesty and trust. It would be great to live in a world without barriers and security checks and the need for Social Security numbers and citizenship papers. It would be great to live in a world of responsible loving fathers and mothers, and brothers and sisters, and neighbors nearby and far away. But that is not the case.
Somehow it is the nature of human society to create divisions. They decide who is in and who is out. In the day of the writer of Ephesians one of those divisions was between Jews and non-Jews. Or as they would say, Jews and Gentiles.
I’m not qualified to give an opinion on international politics and trade and immigration and all of that. Human sinfulness is woven through it all. Everyone, including the most loving and selfless among us, cannot escape the sinfulness and the complications of barriers; and effectively the need for them. But as we live with that unavoidable reality we are called to operate at a higher morality.
The cross achieved what no human ever could – reconciliation of a sinful humanity with God. If God is the King in the kingdom and the Pater Familias, is God a stern tyrant who needs to be appeased to deal with his anger? No. Is God drawing lines and to who is capable of being his citizens ad in his household? No. At least not according to Ephesians. God is a loving benefactor, offering all people a stake in salvation. By dying on the cross God breaks down a wall that separates humanity from God. We humans unwittingly and unknowingly built it. Ephesians 2:14 says it is by the blood of Christ that the divide has been broken.
If you, as a citizen of a nation ever encounter a 17-year-old girl with no identity, no safety, and no hope, I cannot give you answers as to how to treat her. The situation is too complex for easy answers. But ultimately you treat her and all people with the recognition that Christ’s blood was for them too. They are fully and freely invited into the household of God and citizens of God’s kingdom. That is who they are and who you are. That is their identity and your identity. I believe things will sort themselves out from there.
We ae citizens and members of the household of God. Citizenship and family. These are ideas we may easily overlook but are essential to understanding the passage.
What is citizenship? What does it mean to be in a family? They give us more than we may realize. Imagine what it would be to not have citizenship or family. You’d be a living human, certainly. But what else.
Here is a painful thing to imagine but it gets at the idea. Imagine that you are a 17-year-old girl living Columbia in South America. Drug cartels in your hometown have made it impossible for your family to stay safe. Making a desperate decision, your family pulls all their resources and hires some smugglers to get you and your siblings to the United States. It’s precarious. It's not legal. But it’s a chance rather than no chance at all.
Along the way you are separated from your siblings. And, you are sexually assaulted by the smugglers and become pregnant. Somehow, someway, you actually make it across the border into the southern United States. You have no money. No contacts. No documents. And limited skill in English.
I have created a very disturbing situation to imagine. I certainly hope it is not true, but there is probably some measure of truth to it. It gets at the point. This 17-year-old is certainly a person. She is alive. But who is she? What would you do? Where would you turn? Who could you trust? You cannot exist alone. But you have no means of getting food, water, shelter, and even the most rudimentary medical care? Who would you approach? You have no outside way of confirming your identity.
Citizenship in a nation gives you an identity. In the United States you have a name. You have a birth certificate. You have a Social Security number. And you have a host of rights, privileges, and expectations that go along with it. If you are a citizen of a different nation you most likely have the same or the equivalent in documentation, rights, and responsibilities.
But take away the protection and rights that your citizenship gives you in this world and who are you? What keeps you safe? What guarantees you at least some sort of rudimentary justice and fairness? If you have no citizenship and someone commits a crime against you, where are you going to turn? Who can you turn to? You can’t turn anywhere.
Ephesians 2:19 says we are citizens with the saints. That means we are citizens in God’s kingdom. It also says that we are members of the household of God.
In the 1st Century Greek and Roman world the father was the head of the household. Being a part of a household was pretty much essential to survival, or at least to thriving. The father, or pater familias was the head of the household. He basically owned everything. He owned his wife. He owned the children. He owned the slaves, the land, the livestock and all the family possessions. If you were a woman, child, or slave you wanted to have a good pater familias. And if you did not, woe to you. You had very few rights. The pater familias even controlled who was in the family and who was out. He could reject a child if he so chose. The father is also the one who gave the children their names.
Do you remember the story of the naming of John the Baptist? John’s father, Zechariah, was unable to speak. He had been visited by an angel who prophesied the birth of John. Zechariah didn’t believe it and asked the angel for a sign as proof. So he got what he asked for. The angel said he wouldn’t be able to speak until the child was born. And so it happened. When it came time to naming the baby he couldn’t do it. So his wife Elizabeth chimed in and said his name was John. The crowd didn’t accept that. She wasn’t the father. She didn’t have naming rights. Finally they gave Zechariah something to write with and he we wrote, “His name is John.”
The pater familias sounds like a tyrant. Some certainly were. But many were not. If you were the father you bore a lot of responsibility. Your wife and children depended upon you. Your workers and slaves depended on you. You had to make good economic decisions, good farming decisions, and good family decisions. Sure, most fathers delegated many tasks, but the buck stopped with them.
So, Ephesians says we are citizens and members of the household of God. When we say, “Our Father,” in the Lord’s Prayer we are invoking this ancient family system. We are acknowledging God as our Pater Familias. God gets to choose whether we are in the family or not. God gets to determine our identity. We look to God for our protection and to provide for us.
Safe, solid, well-run households of the Roman world were the basic building blocks of society. Households built communities, which built cities and provinces, which combined to form nations and empire – which was able to create citizenship for its people. Ephesians tells us that God is our Father. We are members of the household and we are citizens of God’s kingdom.
I hope none of us ever have been in the situation of the undocumented 17-year-old that I used as an example before. I hope none of us are ever in such a situation. But it is a contrast that helps us realize how essential it is to life to be a part of a family and a citizen of a country. Take away those things and what are you? Is survival possible at all? None of us exist alone.
We all know that families can be great. But some families are horrible. Some nations are great. Some are horrible. Being a part of a family or a nation in the world today is not a guarantee of success or of a good life. Therefore our real citizenship is in God’s kingdom. That is not about Social Security numbers or documents or what our ancestry is. Ephesians tells us that all are united by the blood of Jesus. It is with that that we wrap up.
It would be great to live in a world where everyone was hard working and responsible. It would be great to live in a world where people earned what they consumed and didn’t take from others. It would be great to live in a world where there was honesty and trust. It would be great to live in a world without barriers and security checks and the need for Social Security numbers and citizenship papers. It would be great to live in a world of responsible loving fathers and mothers, and brothers and sisters, and neighbors nearby and far away. But that is not the case.
Somehow it is the nature of human society to create divisions. They decide who is in and who is out. In the day of the writer of Ephesians one of those divisions was between Jews and non-Jews. Or as they would say, Jews and Gentiles.
I’m not qualified to give an opinion on international politics and trade and immigration and all of that. Human sinfulness is woven through it all. Everyone, including the most loving and selfless among us, cannot escape the sinfulness and the complications of barriers; and effectively the need for them. But as we live with that unavoidable reality we are called to operate at a higher morality.
The cross achieved what no human ever could – reconciliation of a sinful humanity with God. If God is the King in the kingdom and the Pater Familias, is God a stern tyrant who needs to be appeased to deal with his anger? No. Is God drawing lines and to who is capable of being his citizens ad in his household? No. At least not according to Ephesians. God is a loving benefactor, offering all people a stake in salvation. By dying on the cross God breaks down a wall that separates humanity from God. We humans unwittingly and unknowingly built it. Ephesians 2:14 says it is by the blood of Christ that the divide has been broken.
If you, as a citizen of a nation ever encounter a 17-year-old girl with no identity, no safety, and no hope, I cannot give you answers as to how to treat her. The situation is too complex for easy answers. But ultimately you treat her and all people with the recognition that Christ’s blood was for them too. They are fully and freely invited into the household of God and citizens of God’s kingdom. That is who they are and who you are. That is their identity and your identity. I believe things will sort themselves out from there.
Wednesday, September 11, 2024
September 8, 2024 Ephesians 1:15-2:10
As you almost certainly know, the Bills play their opening game this afternoon. Football is one of the biggest, if not the biggest, culture-wide thing in our nation. Even if you don’t care about football at all, about the only thing there is more conversation about is the upcoming election.
I wonder if football will hold its prominence for years to come? I wonder what it will be like, say, 50 years from now. Will there be the same fervor? Will it be stronger? Will it be weaker? And centuries from now I wonder how anthropologists, and possibly archeologists, will describe the football of today. What will make sense? What won’t?
I sometimes wonder how they will interpret the “Bills Mafia”? I think we all know what that means. But will someone understand it decades or centuries from now? Will they think that instead of it referring to loyal fans, will think it is some sort of a regional violent organized crime ring? It is the “mafia” after all! I can see the doctoral dissertations now contemplating the connections between sports, huge expensive stadiums, politics, and organized crime!
This is an example of why things need to be kept in context. Pull the Bills Mafia out of context and you quickly end up with absurdity. And yet, ignore the excitement around football and enthusiastic football fans and you’re missing a big piece of our culture today.
When we read the Bible we need to remember that we are reading just an excerpt from a complex society a couple millennia ago. While they certainly didn’t have the Bills Mafia, there were certainly major regional cultural dynamics that were just for fun. Just like today, society was a complex mix of: politics, economics, theology, science, and geography. What appears confusing our complex to us may have been very clear then.
One thing that may be very confusing for us today is one particular line from Ephesians in our Bible readings. What does it mean when it says, “…following the ruler of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work among those who are disobedient”? It sounds sinister, evil, demonic. But is that so? Is the Bills Mafia a violent organized crime ring?
It's impossible to exactly know what the power of the air is. But it is helpful to remember the scientific understanding of that day; which wasn’t as ignorant as we might think. Remember, most educated people knew things like the earth was a sphere. Mostly they lacked the sophisticated testing equipment of today.
In those days they didn’t have the Periodic Table of Elements that you probably had to use in chemistry class. They believed there were only four elements: earth, air, water, and fire.
Air was particularly complex because it could be contaminated so easily. It was chaotic. When there was a rain storm the air was also conveying water. When there was a dust storm the air was carrying earth. Thunder storms that caused tornadoes were a chaotic and dangerous jumble of earth, air, water, and fire.
Despite knowing the earth was a sphere, they lived in what they thought was a three-fold universe. Hell was literally down in the ground. Living people lived on the surface. Up and high were the sun, moon, planets, and stars. They were the heavens.
When you combine the way the air could be a chaotic mix you start to understand how they saw the air as a murky polluted region between the earth and heaven. It wasn’t necessarily bad. It just couldn’t be guaranteed to be either good or bad.
Again, we can’t be absolutely certain of this, but the ruler of the power of the air was something that was unknown, unpredictable, and uncontrollable. If you are living in a world where you have to work hard to survive, and you die because of either warfare, disease, or the breakdown of your body because of the intensity of labor needed to stay alive, you don’t want unpredictable and uncontrollable. You want stability!
There is no way to pin down the meaning of the next verse, “All of us once lived among them in the passions of our flesh, following the desires of flesh and senses, and we were by nature children of wrath, like everyone else.” Scholars debate that one a lot. What they all agree on is that is was chaos and instability.
That, then, is in contrast to what comes next: “But God, who is rich in mercy, out of the great love with which he loved us even when were dead through our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ – by grace you have been saved – and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus…”
However you understand the ruler of the power of the air, those in Christ have been elevated to the heavenly places. That does not mean that you have actually gone to heaven before you die. There is too much wrong in our world to call it heaven! But it does mean that despite living in this chaos, our ultimate place is a place of stability and surety. We live now with that surety.
If in the chaos of this life you have created for yourself a place of surety…, well…, it isn’t all that sure. It is pretty precarious. It’s the false security of wealth. And if in the chaos of this life you have not created for yourself a place of surety, then you need not worry. You are alive together with Christ and that is the ultimate place of surety. Whether you have created a life of surety for yourself here and now or not, the task before us is the same.
The perennial weakness of Lutheran theology is that inadvertently creates laziness. Lutheran theology is built on Ephesians 2:8, “For by grace you have been saved through faith, and this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God – not the result of works, so that no one may boast.”
The problem with that is that we humans tend to be opportunists. We think, “If I don’t have to work for my salvation, and if I don’t have to work to prove my worthiness to God, then I don’t have to do anything. I’ll just sit back and enjoy this life to the fullest. Then after I die I’ll get the benefits of heaven too.” It’s a win-win situation for us! It promotes laziness.
The author of Ephesians will have none of that. Almost as if he knew laziness was going to be what happens, we get the very next verse, “For we are what he has made us, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand to be our way of life.”
So, we may be saved by grace though faith, but we are created for good works. They are the way of life prepared by God beforehand for our way of life.
If you’re prone to laziness you’re huffing in disgust at this news. The way of life God has prepared for us is a life of work.
If there’s anything we humans don’t like it’s work. We want to do the minimal amount possible yet still get the most benefit. The idea of reducing work is the heart of innovation and efficiency. Why should I push hard to slide a heavy object when I can put it on a roller? Or why should I push on an object on a roller when I can put it on a cart with wheels. And why should I push on a cart with wheels when I can invent something that will propel the wheels for me?
The work God prepared beforehand for our way of life is not meant to undermine our inventiveness. To the contrary. God gave us brains to use them to make the work better.
The good works God has in mind is a direction of our lives that is focused outside of ourselves. Yes, we are to work to earn our keep. But we are also to work for the betterment of our community. The ruler of the powers of the air – whatever that may be – will always be creating chaos and uncertainty. We, who are solidly with Christ, work to create order and solidness in this world.
Life is not about leisure. Life is about applying your skills to the world around you. It is about developing your skills more fully for the world around you. That goes for a strapping teenage boy who is all muscle and energy, and it goes for an elderly woman in a nursing home whose frail body is failing.
Use what you have. Think, stretch your limits, grow, and use that for the world in which you live.
It is my opinion, admittedly not backed by lots of research, that the biggest reason why so many people in our world today are struggling to find themselves is because they do not have meaningful work to do. Meaningful work does not mean highly paid work, or even paid work at all. Meaningful work is a life orientation of commitment of your energy away from yourself and instead directed to the world around you.
That is the honor and the dignity and the purpose God has given you. While we certainly need to take breaks, and we need to do fun things too, work is what fulfills us.
Today is God’s Work Our Hands Sunday. We have some work projects planned. The weather is probably thwarting them. But we will do them when we can. It is our privilege to work for God.
I wonder if football will hold its prominence for years to come? I wonder what it will be like, say, 50 years from now. Will there be the same fervor? Will it be stronger? Will it be weaker? And centuries from now I wonder how anthropologists, and possibly archeologists, will describe the football of today. What will make sense? What won’t?
I sometimes wonder how they will interpret the “Bills Mafia”? I think we all know what that means. But will someone understand it decades or centuries from now? Will they think that instead of it referring to loyal fans, will think it is some sort of a regional violent organized crime ring? It is the “mafia” after all! I can see the doctoral dissertations now contemplating the connections between sports, huge expensive stadiums, politics, and organized crime!
This is an example of why things need to be kept in context. Pull the Bills Mafia out of context and you quickly end up with absurdity. And yet, ignore the excitement around football and enthusiastic football fans and you’re missing a big piece of our culture today.
When we read the Bible we need to remember that we are reading just an excerpt from a complex society a couple millennia ago. While they certainly didn’t have the Bills Mafia, there were certainly major regional cultural dynamics that were just for fun. Just like today, society was a complex mix of: politics, economics, theology, science, and geography. What appears confusing our complex to us may have been very clear then.
One thing that may be very confusing for us today is one particular line from Ephesians in our Bible readings. What does it mean when it says, “…following the ruler of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work among those who are disobedient”? It sounds sinister, evil, demonic. But is that so? Is the Bills Mafia a violent organized crime ring?
It's impossible to exactly know what the power of the air is. But it is helpful to remember the scientific understanding of that day; which wasn’t as ignorant as we might think. Remember, most educated people knew things like the earth was a sphere. Mostly they lacked the sophisticated testing equipment of today.
In those days they didn’t have the Periodic Table of Elements that you probably had to use in chemistry class. They believed there were only four elements: earth, air, water, and fire.
Air was particularly complex because it could be contaminated so easily. It was chaotic. When there was a rain storm the air was also conveying water. When there was a dust storm the air was carrying earth. Thunder storms that caused tornadoes were a chaotic and dangerous jumble of earth, air, water, and fire.
Despite knowing the earth was a sphere, they lived in what they thought was a three-fold universe. Hell was literally down in the ground. Living people lived on the surface. Up and high were the sun, moon, planets, and stars. They were the heavens.
When you combine the way the air could be a chaotic mix you start to understand how they saw the air as a murky polluted region between the earth and heaven. It wasn’t necessarily bad. It just couldn’t be guaranteed to be either good or bad.
Again, we can’t be absolutely certain of this, but the ruler of the power of the air was something that was unknown, unpredictable, and uncontrollable. If you are living in a world where you have to work hard to survive, and you die because of either warfare, disease, or the breakdown of your body because of the intensity of labor needed to stay alive, you don’t want unpredictable and uncontrollable. You want stability!
There is no way to pin down the meaning of the next verse, “All of us once lived among them in the passions of our flesh, following the desires of flesh and senses, and we were by nature children of wrath, like everyone else.” Scholars debate that one a lot. What they all agree on is that is was chaos and instability.
That, then, is in contrast to what comes next: “But God, who is rich in mercy, out of the great love with which he loved us even when were dead through our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ – by grace you have been saved – and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus…”
However you understand the ruler of the power of the air, those in Christ have been elevated to the heavenly places. That does not mean that you have actually gone to heaven before you die. There is too much wrong in our world to call it heaven! But it does mean that despite living in this chaos, our ultimate place is a place of stability and surety. We live now with that surety.
If in the chaos of this life you have created for yourself a place of surety…, well…, it isn’t all that sure. It is pretty precarious. It’s the false security of wealth. And if in the chaos of this life you have not created for yourself a place of surety, then you need not worry. You are alive together with Christ and that is the ultimate place of surety. Whether you have created a life of surety for yourself here and now or not, the task before us is the same.
The perennial weakness of Lutheran theology is that inadvertently creates laziness. Lutheran theology is built on Ephesians 2:8, “For by grace you have been saved through faith, and this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God – not the result of works, so that no one may boast.”
The problem with that is that we humans tend to be opportunists. We think, “If I don’t have to work for my salvation, and if I don’t have to work to prove my worthiness to God, then I don’t have to do anything. I’ll just sit back and enjoy this life to the fullest. Then after I die I’ll get the benefits of heaven too.” It’s a win-win situation for us! It promotes laziness.
The author of Ephesians will have none of that. Almost as if he knew laziness was going to be what happens, we get the very next verse, “For we are what he has made us, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand to be our way of life.”
So, we may be saved by grace though faith, but we are created for good works. They are the way of life prepared by God beforehand for our way of life.
If you’re prone to laziness you’re huffing in disgust at this news. The way of life God has prepared for us is a life of work.
If there’s anything we humans don’t like it’s work. We want to do the minimal amount possible yet still get the most benefit. The idea of reducing work is the heart of innovation and efficiency. Why should I push hard to slide a heavy object when I can put it on a roller? Or why should I push on an object on a roller when I can put it on a cart with wheels. And why should I push on a cart with wheels when I can invent something that will propel the wheels for me?
The work God prepared beforehand for our way of life is not meant to undermine our inventiveness. To the contrary. God gave us brains to use them to make the work better.
The good works God has in mind is a direction of our lives that is focused outside of ourselves. Yes, we are to work to earn our keep. But we are also to work for the betterment of our community. The ruler of the powers of the air – whatever that may be – will always be creating chaos and uncertainty. We, who are solidly with Christ, work to create order and solidness in this world.
Life is not about leisure. Life is about applying your skills to the world around you. It is about developing your skills more fully for the world around you. That goes for a strapping teenage boy who is all muscle and energy, and it goes for an elderly woman in a nursing home whose frail body is failing.
Use what you have. Think, stretch your limits, grow, and use that for the world in which you live.
It is my opinion, admittedly not backed by lots of research, that the biggest reason why so many people in our world today are struggling to find themselves is because they do not have meaningful work to do. Meaningful work does not mean highly paid work, or even paid work at all. Meaningful work is a life orientation of commitment of your energy away from yourself and instead directed to the world around you.
That is the honor and the dignity and the purpose God has given you. While we certainly need to take breaks, and we need to do fun things too, work is what fulfills us.
Today is God’s Work Our Hands Sunday. We have some work projects planned. The weather is probably thwarting them. But we will do them when we can. It is our privilege to work for God.
Tuesday, September 3, 2024
September 1, 2024 Ephesians 1:1-14
In your worship bulletin is a blank sheet of white paper. Here is your task for it. You are to pull it out and fold it into the paper airplane design of your choice. I’ll give you four minutes to fold it. If you have forgotten how to fold a paper airplane, or you want some help, you may ask someone else to help you. You have four minutes to fold the airplane. Also, within those four minutes you can write on it or decorate it any way you’d like.
To help you know how to design your airplane I’m going to tell what you’re going to do with it. After four minutes are up, you’re going to throw your paper airplane into this big plastic bowl that I’m going to put up front. You can stay in your seat and throw it from there. Or, you can come up here to this line, which is 12 feet back, and throw it from there. You are allowed a couple test throws to see how it flies. But once you get ready to throw it in the bowl, you get one and only one shot. If you make it in that one shot, great! If you don’t, you’re out of luck.
(4 minutes later)
Are you ready with your paper airplanes? Are you ready to try throwing them in the bowl?
I’ve decided to change the rules on you. Instead of the bowl being 12 away and you have to hit it, I’m going to attach a string to the bowl and let one of the children drag it around through the aisles. He or she can drag it fast or slow, and he or she may determine where to go. The bowl may or may not come back your aisle. You’ll just have to see.
(select a child to pull the bowl)
Ready? Go!
(after a few minutes)
How’d you do? How did it feel to have the rules changed on you midway? You may or may not have changed your design. And was it fair?
The blank unfolded piece of paper is your life. You get it clean and blank. It’s smooth. It’s perfect. But you can’t just go through life as a blank piece of paper. Folding the paper airplane was you shaping yourself the way you wanted, but still shaping yourself into something useful. The bowl represented success, or being successful – whatever that may mean. Being successful for you may mean, “Whoever dies with the most toys wins.” Or, whoever is the wealthiest or most prestigious. Perhaps it is having a large and successful family. Perhaps “success” is living in a way that you get to go to heaven when you die.
But I changed the rules on you at a crucial point. You shaped your airplane and then the goal changed. What it took to be successful changed. It became unpredictable, and even chaotic. What were you to do? How were you to know? It was no longer under your control. Yet you only get one shot at it, because life doesn’t really allow for do-overs.
I wanted us to do this exercise because, while all images have flaws, it’s somewhat of an approximation of life in our culture today. The bowl moving is a lot like the fluidity of our culture’s current morality. What is right? What is wrong? What is a virtue? What is a vice? Things that were completely unacceptable not that long ago are now considered perfectly fine, if not celebrated. And things considered virtues are now laughable or forbidden.
If your employer requires you to have gender justice training, or anti-racism training, or anti-implicit bias training you’ve probably been offended. Perhaps you were smart enough to sit there quietly biting your lip as the foundations of your morality are questioned and condemned. Bring up something about Christian faith and ethics and be prepared to be labeled a racist, sexist, homophobe, anti-science, judgmental, hypocritical, a misogynist, a prude, a patriarchist, or something else.
Our society is, at least in my opinion, a moral cesspool. And while many will call it “enlightenment” I call it this ever-shifting morality the relativism necessary to excuse the endless craving people have for more stuff.
When I say “moral cesspool” I am not making a reference to sexuality. You may include that if you want, but you don’t have to. We humans who are alive in the developed world today are consuming gluttonous amounts of energy in our lives. We want comforts, conveniences, and entertainment. We want everything to be easy. What many call a hardship today a century ago would have been called a mere inconvenience, or life as usual.
We call things “progress” but we are really just consuming more. We live lives divorced from reality. The only way to consume more is to change the morality.
I long to hear a presidential candidate give a speech about honesty and humility, about conscientiousness, about greed avoidance, about being satisfied with less, about agreeableness, about delayed gratification, about working harder. These are things I brought up a few weeks ago when we looked at Ecclesiastes and its recommendation that all take satisfaction in toil and hard work.
All of this is a very long introduction to the book of Ephesians. We read only the first 14 verses. They are the greeting and the thanksgiving portions of the letter. Ephesians gives us a solid foundation to build upon. It tells us how to fold the paper airplanes of our lives. It gives us solid ground for our morality. And if getting the airplane in the bowl means going to heaven, it tells us how that happens too.
The letter starts off with who its from and to – from Paul to the saints in Ephesus who are faithful in Christ Jesus.
Then what? What is the opening of verse 2?
“Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.”
These may sound like throw away words. Words like when you ask someone, “How are you doing?” Or wish them a happy Labor Day. But they are not throw away words.
The first word is fundamental to everything that follows in Ephesians. “Grace”… unmerited favor from God. And then “peace” from God. Grace and peace. This means God’s favor and God’s peace; from God to them. It is saying that they are in right relationship with God. It is not their doing. It is God’s doing.
Let’s have our helper who pulled the bowl around earlier get the bowl again. We have paper airplanes laying all over the place. If we consider “success” in life to be living in right relationship then watch what happens. Now I’d like our helper to be God here. God goes around and putting in the airplanes. It doesn’t matter if your design and construction were good. It doesn’t matter if your throw was good. You’re getting into the bowl by God’s work. It is not your own. That is grace.
That is the foundation of our Christian faith. That is what we build everything upon. You’re in. You’re successful. God has made it so! So now what? What are you going to do? How are you going to move forward in life? The remaining verses of what we read today start to open that up. We’ll return to it in more detail and with a greater answer next week when we read the next verses. But we spend a couple minutes with these.
Verses 5 and following say, “He destined us for adoption as his children through Jesus Christ, according to the good pleasure of his will, to the praise of his glorious grace that he freely bestowed on us in the Beloved. In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace that he lavished on us.”
Grace, grace, and more grace. We have to always remember that when reading Ephesians.
Let’s read a couple more verses to the core of this text, “With all wisdom and insight he had made known to us the mystery of his will, according to his good pleasure that he set forth in Christ, as a plan for the fullness of time…”
That may make us scratch our heads. What does that mean? How are we supposed to know God’s will? What is this plan for the fullness of time?
Don’t make it harder than it is. You know the mystery. You know the plan fully already. Ephesians has just reminded us of it. God’s plan is the redemption of the world through the death of Jesus. That is the plan for the fullness of time. We are reminded that God has had this plan from the beginning of time. And God will surely bring it to completion.
We’ll learn about how we participate in that plan in the verse we read next week. For here, the point is that God has this. God’s in charge. God knows. And God is moving things forward exactly as God wants things to go.
Do the ways of society and the world make sense to us? Do we know where they are going? I doubt it. But we do not ultimately worry about that. God is taking the creation forward into its conclusion.
While I certainly encourage you to care about the upcoming political elections (and please pay attention to a lot more than just the presidential race), ultimately nothing can happen that will derail God’s plan. Ephesians wants us to live and move in confidence.
We are “in the bowl” of success. God has put us there. No one can take us out. We do have work to do in God’s kingdom. We do not become lax or lazy. But we do live with bold confidence that all is secure. All is well. All is in God.
To help you know how to design your airplane I’m going to tell what you’re going to do with it. After four minutes are up, you’re going to throw your paper airplane into this big plastic bowl that I’m going to put up front. You can stay in your seat and throw it from there. Or, you can come up here to this line, which is 12 feet back, and throw it from there. You are allowed a couple test throws to see how it flies. But once you get ready to throw it in the bowl, you get one and only one shot. If you make it in that one shot, great! If you don’t, you’re out of luck.
(4 minutes later)
Are you ready with your paper airplanes? Are you ready to try throwing them in the bowl?
I’ve decided to change the rules on you. Instead of the bowl being 12 away and you have to hit it, I’m going to attach a string to the bowl and let one of the children drag it around through the aisles. He or she can drag it fast or slow, and he or she may determine where to go. The bowl may or may not come back your aisle. You’ll just have to see.
(select a child to pull the bowl)
Ready? Go!
(after a few minutes)
How’d you do? How did it feel to have the rules changed on you midway? You may or may not have changed your design. And was it fair?
The blank unfolded piece of paper is your life. You get it clean and blank. It’s smooth. It’s perfect. But you can’t just go through life as a blank piece of paper. Folding the paper airplane was you shaping yourself the way you wanted, but still shaping yourself into something useful. The bowl represented success, or being successful – whatever that may mean. Being successful for you may mean, “Whoever dies with the most toys wins.” Or, whoever is the wealthiest or most prestigious. Perhaps it is having a large and successful family. Perhaps “success” is living in a way that you get to go to heaven when you die.
But I changed the rules on you at a crucial point. You shaped your airplane and then the goal changed. What it took to be successful changed. It became unpredictable, and even chaotic. What were you to do? How were you to know? It was no longer under your control. Yet you only get one shot at it, because life doesn’t really allow for do-overs.
I wanted us to do this exercise because, while all images have flaws, it’s somewhat of an approximation of life in our culture today. The bowl moving is a lot like the fluidity of our culture’s current morality. What is right? What is wrong? What is a virtue? What is a vice? Things that were completely unacceptable not that long ago are now considered perfectly fine, if not celebrated. And things considered virtues are now laughable or forbidden.
If your employer requires you to have gender justice training, or anti-racism training, or anti-implicit bias training you’ve probably been offended. Perhaps you were smart enough to sit there quietly biting your lip as the foundations of your morality are questioned and condemned. Bring up something about Christian faith and ethics and be prepared to be labeled a racist, sexist, homophobe, anti-science, judgmental, hypocritical, a misogynist, a prude, a patriarchist, or something else.
Our society is, at least in my opinion, a moral cesspool. And while many will call it “enlightenment” I call it this ever-shifting morality the relativism necessary to excuse the endless craving people have for more stuff.
When I say “moral cesspool” I am not making a reference to sexuality. You may include that if you want, but you don’t have to. We humans who are alive in the developed world today are consuming gluttonous amounts of energy in our lives. We want comforts, conveniences, and entertainment. We want everything to be easy. What many call a hardship today a century ago would have been called a mere inconvenience, or life as usual.
We call things “progress” but we are really just consuming more. We live lives divorced from reality. The only way to consume more is to change the morality.
I long to hear a presidential candidate give a speech about honesty and humility, about conscientiousness, about greed avoidance, about being satisfied with less, about agreeableness, about delayed gratification, about working harder. These are things I brought up a few weeks ago when we looked at Ecclesiastes and its recommendation that all take satisfaction in toil and hard work.
All of this is a very long introduction to the book of Ephesians. We read only the first 14 verses. They are the greeting and the thanksgiving portions of the letter. Ephesians gives us a solid foundation to build upon. It tells us how to fold the paper airplanes of our lives. It gives us solid ground for our morality. And if getting the airplane in the bowl means going to heaven, it tells us how that happens too.
The letter starts off with who its from and to – from Paul to the saints in Ephesus who are faithful in Christ Jesus.
Then what? What is the opening of verse 2?
“Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.”
These may sound like throw away words. Words like when you ask someone, “How are you doing?” Or wish them a happy Labor Day. But they are not throw away words.
The first word is fundamental to everything that follows in Ephesians. “Grace”… unmerited favor from God. And then “peace” from God. Grace and peace. This means God’s favor and God’s peace; from God to them. It is saying that they are in right relationship with God. It is not their doing. It is God’s doing.
Let’s have our helper who pulled the bowl around earlier get the bowl again. We have paper airplanes laying all over the place. If we consider “success” in life to be living in right relationship then watch what happens. Now I’d like our helper to be God here. God goes around and putting in the airplanes. It doesn’t matter if your design and construction were good. It doesn’t matter if your throw was good. You’re getting into the bowl by God’s work. It is not your own. That is grace.
That is the foundation of our Christian faith. That is what we build everything upon. You’re in. You’re successful. God has made it so! So now what? What are you going to do? How are you going to move forward in life? The remaining verses of what we read today start to open that up. We’ll return to it in more detail and with a greater answer next week when we read the next verses. But we spend a couple minutes with these.
Verses 5 and following say, “He destined us for adoption as his children through Jesus Christ, according to the good pleasure of his will, to the praise of his glorious grace that he freely bestowed on us in the Beloved. In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace that he lavished on us.”
Grace, grace, and more grace. We have to always remember that when reading Ephesians.
Let’s read a couple more verses to the core of this text, “With all wisdom and insight he had made known to us the mystery of his will, according to his good pleasure that he set forth in Christ, as a plan for the fullness of time…”
That may make us scratch our heads. What does that mean? How are we supposed to know God’s will? What is this plan for the fullness of time?
Don’t make it harder than it is. You know the mystery. You know the plan fully already. Ephesians has just reminded us of it. God’s plan is the redemption of the world through the death of Jesus. That is the plan for the fullness of time. We are reminded that God has had this plan from the beginning of time. And God will surely bring it to completion.
We’ll learn about how we participate in that plan in the verse we read next week. For here, the point is that God has this. God’s in charge. God knows. And God is moving things forward exactly as God wants things to go.
Do the ways of society and the world make sense to us? Do we know where they are going? I doubt it. But we do not ultimately worry about that. God is taking the creation forward into its conclusion.
While I certainly encourage you to care about the upcoming political elections (and please pay attention to a lot more than just the presidential race), ultimately nothing can happen that will derail God’s plan. Ephesians wants us to live and move in confidence.
We are “in the bowl” of success. God has put us there. No one can take us out. We do have work to do in God’s kingdom. We do not become lax or lazy. But we do live with bold confidence that all is secure. All is well. All is in God.
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