Tuesday, September 27, 2022

September 25, 2022 Parable of the Greedy King Luke 19:11-27

             If you’re like me in this, and I’m pretty sure it’s safe to assume that you are, you love junk foods.  Junk foods can almost be addictive once you get to eating them.  There is a very good reason why.  They’re especially engineered to make you want to eat them, and then overeat them, and then still crave more of them. 

            Food companies spend millions developing their products with teams of food scientists for the purpose of creating a bliss point for you.  That bliss point is the exact balance of sugars, salt, fat, and flavors that isn’t too much, but isn’t too little, and it makes your brain crave more.

            While candy bars definitely fall into the category of junk food, they are distinctly different than, say, potato chips.  I think Snickers candy bars live up to their advertising claim that, “Snickers really satisfies.”  I love them.  And when I eat a full size one I am indeed satisfied.  I don’t really want to eat a second one, at least not for a while.

            But a bag of potato chips, that’s a different story entirely.  What evil genius came up with the idea of a “serving size” for potato chips?  There’s no such thing.  For me, eating a serving size is only going to make me mad.

            When we decided to resume coffee hour as the pandemic went on we decided to go with only prepackaged foods.  And thus we started getting those serving size bags of different flavored chips.  But one of those bags is hardly enough.  If I eat one bag I really want to eat seven more!

            If you’re sitting here in the sanctuary you probably have visions of your favorite junk food floating in your mind’s eye right now.  And if you’re watching online I’m guessing there’s a good chance you’re contemplating going to the pantry to get something, if you haven’t already!

            I’m not going to go so far as to call junk foods diabolical, but they definitely get into the realm of insatiable greed.

            I use them as an introduction to the parable we read from Luke’s gospel today.  It’s known variously as the Parable of the Pounds, or the Parable of the Minas, or as I prefer to see it called, the Parable of the Greedy and Vengeful King.

            This parable probably trips us up.  There’s a similar parable in Matthew’s gospel – the Parable of the Talents.  There we have a wealthy man going on a journey.  He summons some of his slaves and gives them talents of money to manage while he is away.  A talent is a huge sum of money – something like 15 to 20 years wages for the average worker.  In that parable when the man returns he asks for a reckoning from his slaves.  Two have invested their talents and doubled their money.  A third has hidden the money and done nothing with it.  The man praises the work of those who earned great returns.  He has the third slave thrown into outer darkness and destroyed.

            It is a somewhat frightening parable, but we get the point that we are the slaves and that we are to use the things God has given us for the increase of his kingdom.

            It is very difficult to read this parable from Luke and not think we are supposed to give it the same interpretation.  However, I believe that would be a mistake, a BIG mistake.  In Luke’s version I believe the parable is teaching the exact opposite lesson.

             Let’s put this parable in its context within Luke.  All summer we’ve been following Jesus’ journey to Jerusalem.  This journey makes up the central third of Luke’s gospel.  This parable is the very end of that journey.  If we read just one verse further we’re in the story of Palm Sunday.  There is our clue for how to interpret it.

            In those days the economy was basically stagnant.  Unlike today where we believe there is no limit to economic growth, then they saw all resources as being limited.  There was only so much land.  There was only so much money.  No more.  No less.  In order for me to get more it meant that someone else had to have less.  You clung dearly to what you had, and you worked hard not to lose it.

            As it is in Luke, the dynamics of this parable would have been familiar to its hearers.  A look at the history of that time shows several leaders who did just what the king does.  By some shrewdness or leveraging they had come to have control of additional land, and they left to inspect it and impose their rule.  As was typical of kings of the time, those who accepted his rule would be rewarded.  Those who sought to undermine the king would be punished or executed.

            When the king in the parable goes away he entrusts some of his riches to his slaves with the instructions to do business with them until he gets back.  Specifically it is ten slaves and each is given a pound, also called a mina.  A mina was about three months wages for a laborer.  So, it’s a great deal less than the talents in Matthew’s parable, but it is still a great deal of money for a laborer.

            When the king returns he asks for a reckoning from his slaves.  Now keep in mind, the economy is stagnant.  In order for someone to have more someone else has to have less.  So, we should be appalled that the first slave called reports that he has achieved a tenfold increase in his master’s wealth.  There’s no way such growth could have happened honestly.  This slave has to have leveraged, exploited, manipulated and trampled upon who knows how many people to get such a return.  The greedy king is delighted.  As a reward for such shrewdness and dirty dealings this slave is put in charge of ten cities.  We start to see the qualities this king wants from his staff.

            The second slave comes and has a five-fold increase in the money.  The king is not quite as pleased by this.  He offers the slave no praise, but it is still the cunning attitude he is looking for.  He puts this slave in charge of five cities.

            We then hear about a third slave.  This one has hidden the money and is not returning it.  Unlike Matthew’s version, where we join in criticizing this slave for being worthless and lazy, here we should be in solidarity with him.  This slave was not about to manipulate and exploit others on behalf of the overly greedy king.  This king is like a junk food mogul.  He wants more and more and more.  He can never have enough.  But this slave will put a stop to it in whatever way he can.  In this parable it is this slave who shows honesty and integrity.

            The king is enraged.  He takes the pound from the slave and adds it to the pile already in front of his top achiever.  Then the king says, “I tell you, to all those who have, more will be given; but from those who have nothing, even what they have will be taken away.”

            I know this will give us intellectual whiplash, for those are almost the same exact words used in Matthew’s version of the parable, and there they are words of praise for faithful disciples, but here those exact same words carry the opposite message.

            Think about what I said earlier.  If we read one verse farther we are into the Palm Sunday text.  Jesus has completed his journey to Jerusalem for the Passover holiday.  Sunday he will enter the city.  Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday he will publicly teach in the temple complex, Thursday he will have the last supper with his disciples.  By nighttime he will be arrested.  Friday he will be tried, sentenced, and executed.

            “For those who have nothing, even what they have will be taken away.”  Is that not our Lord’s path in the days ahead?  Indeed it is.

            I know it is hard to wrap our heads around opposite meanings from similar parables in two gospels, but I think that is indeed what we are to do.

            Commentator R. Alan Culpepper says this, “The parable underscores not the similarity between the king’s servants and the followers of Jesus but the contrast between such a king and the kingdom of God.  The king condemns the third servant as wicked, but Luke introduced the Gospel with a reference to “King Herod of Judea” and alluded to the wicked things Herod had done.  The reversal is subtle but unmistakable.  When the wicked king rewards servants for their acquisition of property and condemns the third servant as wicked, the reader knows that the servant and the bystanders who protest his punishment are not wicked but righteous.

            On the other hand, Jesus too has been on a journey, and he is on his way to Jerusalem where he will be hailed as a king.  He will confront the authorities in the Temple and condemn the scribes who “devour widows houses”.  He will praise the widow who gives two copper coins and announce the immanent destruction of the city.

            The parable, therefore, invites reflection on what it means to claim Jesus as “the king who comes in the name of the Lord”.  The norm of royal retribution applies:  Every king rewards those who serve him well and punishes his enemies.  But in Jesus’ kingdom the standards for reward and punishment are reversed.”

(New Interpreter’s Bible, Volume 9, Pgs. 363-4)

            In our world of more, more, more.  And products designed for us to want more, more, more.  God’s will is a contrast.  More, more, more of junk food will make you overweight, give you blood sugar problems, and give you cholesterol problems.  Then the manufacturers of junk foods can sell you their diet foods.  And indeed some companies have divisions for both junk food and diet food production.  They get you coming and going.

            God’s reign will perhaps not “get you coming and going,” but it will keep you always, from baptism to death.  God’s will can keep us out of the self-destructive cycle of greed and give us deep and lasting satisfaction.  And I can promise you, that while it’s no sin to eat a potato chip, and they can certainly be enjoyed, God’s way will keep us healthy in body, mind, and spirit.  That is to be truly alive!

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